Toxic multinodular goiter historical perspective

In the year 40 BC, Pliny, Vitruvius, and Juvenal were the first who documented the prevalence of goiter in the Alps. In 1500, Leonardo da Vinci was the first who recognized and drew the thyroid gland. In 1913, Henry Plummer, an American physician was the first to describe toxic multinodular goiter or Plummer’s disease. In 1947, Cope, Rawson, and McArthur were the first who described the usage of radioactive iodine to demonstrate a “hot” thyroid nodule.

The historical perspective of toxic multinodular goiter is as below:^[1][2][3]

• In 40 BC, Pliny, Vitruvius, and Juvenal were the first who documented the prevalence of goiter in the Alps.
• In 138, Soranus, a Greek physician, reported a case of neck swelling following pregnancy.
• In 1500, Leonardo da Vinci was the first who recognized and drew the thyroid gland.
• In 1543, Andreas Vesalius, Belgian physician was the first to provide anatomic description and illustration of the thyroid gland in his article ‘De humani corporis Fabrica libri septem’.
• In 1563, Eustachius was the first who introduced the term “isthmus” to describe tissue connecting the two lobes of the thyroid gland.
• In 1834, Robert Graves was the first who described a syndrome of palpitation, goiter, and exophthalmos.
• In 1913, Henry Plummer, an American physician was the first to describe toxic multinodular goiter or Plummer’s disease.
• In 1936, Dr. Saul Hertz was the first who described the usage of radioactive iodine for the study of the thyroid gland.
• In 1947, Cope, Rawson, and McArthur were the first who described the usage of radioactive iodine to demonstrate a “hot” thyroid nodule.
• In 1948, T. Templa, J. Aleksandrowicz, and M. Till were the first who described the usage of fine needle thyroid biopsy as a diagnostic method for thyroid nodules.

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