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Health Dictionary

Reliable, easy-to-read patient information on common medical conditions — written in plain language, free of jargon, and grounded in current evidence. Browse the most frequent diagnoses, understand what they mean for everyday life, and learn which steps and questions help you have a focused conversation with your doctor.

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Transitional cell carcinoma historical perspective

Introduction

Overview

Overview

Historical Perspective

Historical Perspective

Historical staging of transitional cell carcinoma

  • In 1922, Broders et al introduced a grading system based on the portion of undifferentiated urothelial cells.the system observed both bladder urothelium changes over time and prognosis.[1]
  • In 1931, Aschner classified tumors of the bladder as papillary vs solid. by adding up to invasion existence, he found that disease prognosis is poor with solid tumors.[2]
  • In 1944, Jewett and Strong proved a relation between depth of penetration (stage) to the incidence of local extension and metastases.[3]
  • In 1948, McDonald and Thompson proved that there is a co-relation between vascular and lymphatic invasion.they also figured a direct relation between these findings and prognosis.[4]
  • In 1952, Jewett-Marshall-Strong redefined the staging system,to be based on bimanual palpation and biopsy into sub-stages: 0, A and B1 and B2 and C (2).
  • Continuing his studies in 1956 Marshall established gradation of tumor and its staging.[5]

Landmark Events in the Development of Treatment Strategies

Impact on Cultural History

Famous Cases

The following are a few famous cases of [disease name]:

References

References

  1. ↑ Macvicar, A.D. (2002). “Bladder cancer staging”. BJU International. 86: 111–122. doi:10.1046/j.1464-410X.2000.00589.x. ISSN 1464-4096.
  2. ↑ Kretschmer, Herman L. (1924). “Primary Carcinoma of the Ureter”. Journal of Urology. 11 (6): 573–580. doi:10.1016/S0022-5347(17)73709-3. ISSN 0022-5347.
  3. ↑ Gospodarowicz, Mary K.; Hawkins, N.V.; Rawlings, G.A.; Connolly, J.G.; Jewett, M.A.S.; Thomas, G.M.; Herman, J.G.; Garrett, P.G.; Chua, T.; Duncan, W.; Buckspan, M.; Sugar, L.; Rider, W.D. (1989). “Radical Radiotherapy for Muscle Invasive Transitional Cell Carcinoma of the Bladder: Failure Analysis”. Journal of Urology. 142 (6): 1448–1453. doi:10.1016/S0022-5347(17)39122-X. ISSN 0022-5347.
  4. ↑ Dimmette, Comdr. Robert M.; Sproat, Major Harry F.; Sayegh, Emile S. (1956). “The Classification of Carcinoma of the Urinary Bladder Associated with Schistosomiasis and Metaplasia”. Journal of Urology. 75 (4): 680–686. doi:10.1016/S0022-5347(17)66863-0. ISSN 0022-5347.
  5. ↑ Leder, R A; Dunnick, N R (1990). “Transitional cell carcinoma of the pelvicalices and ureter”. American Journal of Roentgenology. 155 (4): 713–722. doi:10.2214/ajr.155.4.2119098. ISSN 0361-803X.

Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]; Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Ramyar Ghandriz MD[2]