Transitional cell carcinoma historical perspective

Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]; Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Ramyar Ghandriz MD [2]

Overview

Historical Perspective

In 1922, Broders et al introduced a grading system based on the portion of undifferentiated urothelial cells.the system observed both bladder urothelium changes over time and prognosis.^[1]
In 1931, Aschner classified tumors of the bladder as papillary vs solid. by adding up to invasion existence, he found that disease prognosis is poor with solid tumors.^[2]
In 1944, Jewett and Strong proved a relation between depth of penetration (stage) to the incidence of local extension and metastases.^[3]
In 1948, McDonald and Thompson proved that there is a co-relation between vascular and lymphatic invasion.they also figured a direct relation between these findings and prognosis.^[4]
In 1952, Jewett-Marshall-Strong redefined the staging system,to be based on bimanual palpation and biopsy into sub-stages: 0, A and B1 and B2 and C (2).
Continuing his studies in 1956 Marshall established gradation of tumor and its staging.^[5]

The following are a few famous cases of [disease name]:

References

↑ Macvicar, A.D. (2002). “Bladder cancer staging”. BJU International. 86: 111–122. doi:10.1046/j.1464-410X.2000.00589.x. ISSN 1464-4096.
↑ Kretschmer, Herman L. (1924). “Primary Carcinoma of the Ureter”. Journal of Urology. 11 (6): 573–580. doi:10.1016/S0022-5347(17)73709-3. ISSN 0022-5347.
↑ Gospodarowicz, Mary K.; Hawkins, N.V.; Rawlings, G.A.; Connolly, J.G.; Jewett, M.A.S.; Thomas, G.M.; Herman, J.G.; Garrett, P.G.; Chua, T.; Duncan, W.; Buckspan, M.; Sugar, L.; Rider, W.D. (1989). “Radical Radiotherapy for Muscle Invasive Transitional Cell Carcinoma of the Bladder: Failure Analysis”. Journal of Urology. 142 (6): 1448–1453. doi:10.1016/S0022-5347(17)39122-X. ISSN 0022-5347.
↑ Dimmette, Comdr. Robert M.; Sproat, Major Harry F.; Sayegh, Emile S. (1956). “The Classification of Carcinoma of the Urinary Bladder Associated with Schistosomiasis and Metaplasia”. Journal of Urology. 75 (4): 680–686. doi:10.1016/S0022-5347(17)66863-0. ISSN 0022-5347.
↑ Leder, R A; Dunnick, N R (1990). “Transitional cell carcinoma of the pelvicalices and ureter”. American Journal of Roentgenology. 155 (4): 713–722. doi:10.2214/ajr.155.4.2119098. ISSN 0361-803X.

Overview