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Reliable, easy-to-read patient information on common medical conditions — written in plain language, free of jargon, and grounded in current evidence. Browse the most frequent diagnoses, understand what they mean for everyday life, and learn which steps and questions help you have a focused conversation with your doctor.

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Trichinosis differential diagnosis

Introduction

Overview

Overview

Trichinosis must be differentiated from influenza virus, salmonella, shigella, eosinophilia-myalgia syndromes, tissular parasitosis, glomerulonephritis, serum sickness, infectious meningitis and encephalitis, leptospirosis, bacterial endocarditis and typhus exanthematicus.[1]

Differentiating Trichinosis from other Diseases

Differentiating Trichinosis from other Diseases

Differentiating Trichinosis from other Diseases[1]
Differential Diagnosis Similar Clinical Features Distinguishing Clinical Features
  • Influenza virus
 High fever + myalgia No eosinophilia
  • Salmonella
  • Shigella
 Protracted diarrhoea No eosinophilia
Eosinophilia-Myalgia Syndromes:
  • Toxic Oil Syndrome
  • Tryptophan Intake
  • Eosinophilic Fasciitis
 Eosinophilia + myalgia + inflammatory response History of L-tryptophan ingestion
  • Fascioliasis
  • Toxocariasis
  • Invasive Schistosomiasis
 Eosinophilia + fever
  • Fascioliasis: Latent phase after symptoms start
  • Toxocariasis: Elevation of anti-A, anti–B isohaemagglutinins
  • Invasive Schistosomiasis: Itchy + papular rash
  • Glomerulonephritis
  • Serum Sickness
  • Allergic reactions to drugs or allergens
  • Polymyositis
  • Dermatomyositis
  • Periarteritis Nodosa
 Periorbital or facial edema + fever
  • Glomerulonephritis: Hematuria + foamy urine
  • Serum Sickness: Due to an antiserum derived from an animal source
  • Polymyositis: Weakness and/or loss of muscle mass in the proximal musculature + dysphagia + foot drop
  • Dermatomyositis: Symmetric proximal muscle weakness + Gottron’s sign + heliotrope + Shawl (or V-) sign + Erythroderma
  • Periarteritis Nodosa: Nodules in the lower legs + nerve involvement (numbness, pain, burning, and weakness) + Livedo reticularis
  • Leptospirosis
  • Bacterial Endocarditis
 Haemorrhages of the conjunctiva or haemorrhagic skin petechiae + fever
  • Leptospirosis: Jaundice + asymptomatic phase (3–4 days) after symptoms start
  • Bacterial Endocarditis: Osler nodes, Janeway lesion
References

References

  1. ↑ 1.0 1.1 FAO/WHO/OIE Guidelines for the surveillance, management, prevention and control of trichinellosis. FAO (2007). http://www.fao.org/documents/card/en/c/61e00fb1-87e8-5b89-8be1-50481e43eed1/ Accessed on January 28, 2016

Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1] Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Danitza Lukac