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Reliable, easy-to-read patient information on common medical conditions — written in plain language, free of jargon, and grounded in current evidence. Browse the most frequent diagnoses, understand what they mean for everyday life, and learn which steps and questions help you have a focused conversation with your doctor.

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Tropical spastic paraparesis pathophysiology

Introduction

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Pathophysiology

Pathophysiology

When infected by HTLV-1[1] the host mounts an antigen specific immune response towards the HTLV-1 antigen. Cytotoxic T-lymphocytes of the host’s immune response release cytokines in an effort to fight the infection. These cytokines facilitate the transendothelial migration of lymphocytes across the blood-brain barrier. Once cytokines are within the central nervous system demyelination is brought as a result of bystander cell injury. The disease is chronic, progressing slowly, usually causing symptoms 20-30 years after infection.

References

References

  1. ↑ Machigashira N, Yoshida Y, Wang S, Osame M (2001). “HTLV-1-associated myelopathy/tropical spastic paraparesis with pseudohypoparathyroidism”. Neurology. 56 (1): 104–6. PMID 11148245. Retrieved 2012-12-10. Unknown parameter |month= ignored (help)

Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]