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Reliable, easy-to-read patient information on common medical conditions — written in plain language, free of jargon, and grounded in current evidence. Browse the most frequent diagnoses, understand what they mean for everyday life, and learn which steps and questions help you have a focused conversation with your doctor.

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Typhoid fever laboratory findings

Introduction

Overview

Overview

Nonspecific laboratory abnormalities associated with typhoid fever include decreased hemoglobin, decreased or increased leukocyte count, elevated CRP, and abnormal liver function tests.[1][2][3][4][5]

Laboratory findings

Laboratory findings

Microbial culture is the gold standard test for the diagnosis of typhoid fever.[2][3] Shown below is a table summarizing nonspecific laboratory abnormalities associated with typhoid fever.[5][6][7]

Laboratory findings
Test Findings
Complete blood count Decreased hemoglobin
Decreased hematocrit
Elevated CRP[5]
White blood cell count Elevated (children) or decreased leukocyte count (adults)
Biochemistry Hypoglycemia
Elevated creatinine
Elevated ALT, AST[8][7]
Possible hyponatremia
Acidosis: High lactate; Low bicarbonate (shock)
Coagulation Thrombocytopenia[5]
Urinalysis Proteinuria
hemoglobinuria (renal failure)
References

References

  1. ↑ Mandell, Gerald (2010). Mandell, Douglas, and Bennett’s principles and practice of infectious diseases. Philadelphia, PA: Churchill Livingstone/Elsevier. ISBN 0443068399.
  2. ↑ 2.0 2.1 Parry CM, Hien TT, Dougan G, White NJ, Farrar JJ (2002). “Typhoid fever”. N Engl J Med. 347 (22): 1770–82. doi:10.1056/NEJMra020201. PMID 12456854.
  3. ↑ 3.0 3.1 Wain J, Diep TS, Ho VA, Walsh AM, Nguyen TT, Parry CM; et al. (1998). “Quantitation of bacteria in blood of typhoid fever patients and relationship between counts and clinical features, transmissibility, and antibiotic resistance”. J Clin Microbiol. 36 (6): 1683–7. PMC 104900. PMID 9620400.
  4. ↑ Mandell, Gerald (2010). Mandell, Douglas, and Bennett’s principles and practice of infectious diseases. Philadelphia, PA: Churchill Livingstone/Elsevier. ISBN 0443068399.
  5. ↑ 5.0 5.1 5.2 5.3 Cooper EC, Ratnam I, Mohebbi M, Leder K (2014). “Laboratory features of common causes of fever in returned travelers”. J Travel Med. 21 (4): 235–9. doi:10.1111/jtm.12122. PMID 24754384.
  6. ↑ Mandell, Gerald (2010). Mandell, Douglas, and Bennett’s principles and practice of infectious diseases. Philadelphia, PA: Churchill Livingstone/Elsevier. ISBN 0443068399.
  7. ↑ 7.0 7.1 Wang JL, Kao JH, Tseng SP, Teng LJ, Ho SW, Hsueh PR (2005). “Typhoid fever and typhoid hepatitis in Taiwan”. Epidemiol Infect. 133 (6): 1073–9. doi:10.1017/S0950268805004048. PMC 2870341. PMID 16274504.
  8. ↑ Klotz SA, Jorgensen JH, Buckwold FJ, Craven PC (1984). “Typhoid fever. An epidemic with remarkably few clinical signs and symptoms”. Arch Intern Med. 144 (3): 533–7. PMID 6703825.

Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]; Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Aysha Aslam, M.B.B.S[2]