Ventricular septal defect classification

Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]

Overview

Based on the size of the defect, VSD can be classified into small, medium, and large ventricular septal defects.

Classification

VSDs can be classified into small, medium, and large based on the size of the defect^[1]

Small VSDs

There is a small left-to-right shunt (Qp/Qs < 1.5) and a normal ratio of PA to systemic pressures.

Medium-Sized VSDs

There is a moderate shunt left-to-right present (Qp/Qs = 1.5-2.0) that still has some resistance to flow across the defect.

Large VSDs

There is a large defect on the ventricular septum, > 1 cm2/m2 of BSA, with a large shunt left-to-right (Qp/Qs is > 2), causing volume overload of the LV, which may result in its failure. The defect may approximate the size of the aortic orifice.

Membranous and muscular types of ventricular septal defect

References

↑ Soto B, Becker AE, Moulaert AJ, Lie JT, Anderson RH (1980). “Classification of ventricular septal defects”. Br Heart J. 43 (3): 332–43. doi:10.1136/hrt.43.3.332. PMC 482284. PMID 7437181.

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[pmid7437181-1] Soto B, Becker AE, Moulaert AJ, Lie JT, Anderson RH (1980). “Classification of ventricular septal defects”. Br Heart J. 43 (3): 332–43. doi:10.1136/hrt.43.3.332. PMC 482284. PMID 7437181.

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