Fibromuscular dysplasia history and symptoms

Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]; Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Mohsen Basiri M.D.

Since Fibromuscular dysplasia can involve virtually every artery of the body, thus the clinical presentations of FMD vary widely and are determined by the vessels territories that are involved.The clinical presentations of FMD may result from the stenosis, occlusion, ischemia, dissection, rupture of aneurysms and embolization of intravascular thrombi from dissection or aneurysms.^[1][2]

• The majority of patients with fibromuscular dysplasia are asymptomatic.
• The hallmark of FMD is hypertension in women with the prime of their life, whereas FMD can occur in both genders at any age, its presentations across the lifespan.

• In general, the clinical presentations of FMD in women as compared with men are somewhat different. Manifestations of cerebrovascular FMD are more likely to occur in women, whereas manifestations of renal FMD, arterial dissections and aneurysms are more common in men.^[3]

Patients with fibromuscular dysplasia may have a positive history of:

• headache
• Pulsatile tinnitus
• neck pain
• Flank or abdominal pain.

• Headache
• Pulsatile tinnitus
• Neck pain
• Flank or abdominal pain

• The most common signs of FMD include hypertension, cervical bruit, abdominal bruit, and transient ischemic attack.

Less common symptoms of FMD include:

• Chest pain or shortness of breath
• Postprandial abdominal pain
• Claudication
• Amaurosis fugax
• Weight loss
• Horner syndrome
• Azotemia
• Myocardial infarction
• Mesenteric ischemia

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