Anemia of chronic disease causes

Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]Shyam Patel [2]Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Omer Kamal, M.D.[3]

Overview

Conditions that can lead to anemia of chronic disease include autoimmune disorders, cancer, chronic kidney disease liver cirrhosis, long-term infections, HIV/AIDS, hepatitis B or hepatitis C, less production of erythropoietin (EPO) by kidneys, resistance of bone marrow to EPO, decreased half life of red blood cells, hospitalization for severe acute infections, trauma, or other conditions that cause inflammation.

Causes

Conditions that can lead to anemia of chronic disease include:^[1]^[2]^[3]^[4]

Autoimmune disorders, such as Crohn’s disease, systemic lupus erythematosus, rheumatoid arthritis, and ulcerative colitis
Cancer, including non-Hodgkin lymphoma and Hodgkin disease
Chronic kidney disease^[5]
Liver cirrhosis
Long-term infections, such as bacterial endocarditis, osteomyelitis (bone infection), HIV/AIDS, hepatitis B or hepatitis C
Inability to properly store and use iron normally
Less production of erythropoietin (EPO) by kidneys
Resistance of bone marrow to EPO
Decreased half life of red blood cells
Hospitalization for severe acute infections, trauma, or other conditions that cause inflammation
Aging, which can contribute to inflammation and anemia
Sarcoidosis
Vasculitis and other rheumatologic disease^[5]

References

↑ Means RT (March 2003). “Recent developments in the anemia of chronic disease”. Curr. Hematol. Rep. 2 (2): 116–21. PMID 12901142.
↑ Opasich C, Cazzola M, Scelsi L, De Feo S, Bosimini E, Lagioia R, Febo O, Ferrari R, Fucili A, Moratti R, Tramarin R, Tavazzi L (November 2005). “Blunted erythropoietin production and defective iron supply for erythropoiesis as major causes of anaemia in patients with chronic heart failure”. Eur. Heart J. 26 (21): 2232–7. doi:10.1093/eurheartj/ehi388. PMID 15987710.
↑ Silverberg DS, Wexler D, Palazzuoli A, Iaina A, Schwartz D (2009). “The anemia of heart failure”. Acta Haematol. 122 (2–3): 109–19. doi:10.1159/000243795. PMID 19907148.
↑ Price EA, Schrier SL (2010). “Unexplained aspects of anemia of inflammation”. Adv Hematol. 2010: 508739. doi:10.1155/2010/508739. PMC 2846342. PMID 20368776.
↑ ^5.0 ^5.1 Madu AJ, Ughasoro MD (2017). “Anaemia of Chronic Disease: An In-Depth Review”. Med Princ Pract. 26 (1): 1–9. doi:10.1159/000452104. PMC 5588399. PMID 27756061.

Overview