Developer site: The content shown here is test data.

MyEClinic
MyEClinic
Health Dictionary AI Health Chat Find an Online Doctor
A serene Zen garden with raked sand and smooth stones, symbolising clarity and calm

Health Dictionary

Reliable, easy-to-read patient information on common medical conditions — written in plain language, free of jargon, and grounded in current evidence. Browse the most frequent diagnoses, understand what they mean for everyday life, and learn which steps and questions help you have a focused conversation with your doctor.

Back to skin conditions

Anti-cardiolipin antibodies

Introduction

Overview

Overview

schematic representation of antibody.

Anti-cardiolipin antibodies (ACA) are antibodies often directed against cardiolipin and found in several diseases including syphilis[1], antiphospholipid syndrome, livedoid vasculitis, vertebrobasilar insufficiency, Behçet’s syndrome[2], idiopathic spontaneous abortion,[3] and systemic lupus erythematosus(SLE).[4] They are a form of anti-mitochondrial antibody. In SLE, The anti-DNA antibodies and anti-cardiolipin act independently.[5] In rheumatoid arthritis[6] w/systemic sclerosis (scleroderma)[7] these antibodies may tie two conditions together.

Anti-cardiolipin antibodies come can be classified in two ways.

Apolipoprotein H involvement

β2-glycoprotein I has been identified as Apolipoprotein H and is required for the recognition of ACA in autoimmune disease.[8] Only a subset of autoimmune anti-cardiolipin antibodies bind Apo-H, these anti-apolipoprotein antibodies are associated with increased thrombosis.

References

References

  1. ↑ 1.0 1.1 Tringali GR, Julian AJ, Halbert WM (1969). “Effect of 2-mercaptoethanol treatment on anticardiolipin reactivity in sera from syphilitics and false positive reactors”. The British journal of venereal diseases. 45 (3): 202–4. PMID 5346419.
  2. ↑ Hull RG, Harris EN, Gharavi AE; et al. (1984). “Anticardiolipin antibodies: occurrence in Behçet’s syndrome”. Ann. Rheum. Dis. 43 (5): 746–8. PMID 6497467.
  3. ↑ Petri M, Golbus M, Anderson R, Whiting-O’Keefe Q, Corash L, Hellmann D (1987). “Antinuclear antibody, lupus anticoagulant, and anticardiolipin antibody in women with idiopathic habitual abortion. A controlled, prospective study of forty-four women”. Arthritis Rheum. 30 (6): 601–6. PMID 3111489.
  4. ↑ Harris EN, Gharavi AE, Boey ML; et al. (1983). “Anticardiolipin antibodies: detection by radioimmunoassay and association with thrombosis in systemic lupus erythematosus”. Lancet. 2 (8361): 1211–4. PMID 6139567.
  5. ↑ Harris EN, Gharavi AE, Loizou S; et al. (1985). “Crossreactivity of antiphospholipid antibodies”. Journal of clinical & laboratory immunology. 16 (1): 1–6. PMID 3981615.
  6. ↑ Keane A, Woods R, Dowding V, Roden D, Barry C (1987). “Anticardiolipin antibodies in rheumatoid arthritis”. Br. J. Rheumatol. 26 (5): 346–50. PMID 3664159.
  7. ↑ Malia RG, Greaves M, Rowlands LM; et al. (1988). “Anticardiolipin antibodies in systemic sclerosis: immunological and clinical associations”. Clin. Exp. Immunol. 73 (3): 456–60. PMID 2974767.
  8. ↑ McNeil HP, Simpson RJ, Chesterman CN, Krilis SA (1990). “Anti-phospholipid antibodies are directed against a complex antigen that includes a lipid-binding inhibitor of coagulation: beta 2-glycoprotein I (apolipoprotein H)”. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 87 (11): 4120–4. PMID 2349221.

Template:Autoantibodies