Health Dictionary
Reliable, easy-to-read patient information on common medical conditions — written in plain language, free of jargon, and grounded in current evidence. Browse the most frequent diagnoses, understand what they mean for everyday life, and learn which steps and questions help you have a focused conversation with your doctor.
Cyanotic heart defect classification
Introduction
Overview
Overview
Classification
Classification
Cyanotic heart defects, which account for approximately 25% of all congenital heart disease, include:[1][2][3][4]
- Tetralogy of Fallot (ToF)
- Total anomalous pulmonary venous connection
- Hypoplastic left heart syndrome (HLHS)
- Transposition of the great arteries (d-TGA)
- Truncus arteriosus (Persistent)
- Tricuspid atresia
- Interrupted aortic arch
- Coarctation of aorta
- Tricuspid atresia
- Pulmonary atresia (PA)
- Pulmonary stenosis (advanced)
References
References
- ↑ Engle MA (February 1976). “Cyanotic congenital heart disease”. Am. J. Cardiol. 37 (2): 283–308. doi:10.1016/0002-9149(76)90324-6. PMID 129000.
- ↑ Kothari, Shyam Sunder (1992). “Mechanism of cyanotic spells in tetralogy of Fallot — the missing link?”. International Journal of Cardiology. 37 (1): 1–5. doi:10.1016/0167-5273(92)90125-M. ISSN 0167-5273.
- ↑ Gathman GE, Nadas AS (July 1970). “Total anomalous pulmonary venous connection: clinical and physiologic observations of 75 pediatric patients”. Circulation. 42 (1): 143–54. doi:10.1161/01.cir.42.1.143. PMID 5425587.
- ↑ Abu-Harb M, Wyllie J, Hey E, Richmond S, Wren C (November 1994). “Presentation of obstructive left heart malformations in infancy”. Arch. Dis. Child. Fetal Neonatal Ed. 71 (3): F179–83. doi:10.1136/fn.71.3.f179. PMC 1061121. PMID 7820713.
Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]; Keri Shafer, M.D. [2]; Kalsang Dolma, M.B.B.S.[3]