Abnormal uterine bleeding has been found to affect a multitude of women, ranging from menarche to menopause. It can often result in conditions that affect an individual’s daily routine and personal life, such as anemia and infertility. Because of such complications, it is important to continue researching and studying the causes of abnormal bleeding and providing further knowledge.^[1] Due to the prevalence and high cost associated with surgical treatment of underlying causes, treatment must be tailored to the individual woman. Biomarkers continue to be studied and may provide crucial information.^[2] Future studied regarding progesterone antagonists and progesterone receptor modulators are also being studied and may prove helpful in future therapy.^[3]

A biomarker^[2] is an indicator that may be measured and used as an indicator for treatment response. Biomarkers have been studied for underlying conditions leading to abnormal bleeding.

Elastography, a type of medical imaging done using MRI and ultrasonography, is used as a noninvasive biomarker for fibroids and adenomyosis. This method of diagnosis shows promise in allowing for individualized care and treatment response.^[5]