Fatty liver causes

Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]; Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief:

Overview

Causes

Common Causes

Fatty liver is commonly associated with alcohol or metabolic syndrome (diabetes, hypertension and dyslipidemia) but can also be due to any one of many causes:^[1]^[2]

Metabolic: Abetalipoproteinemia, glycogen storage diseases, Weber-Christian disease, Wolmans disease, acute fatty liver of pregnancy, lipodystrophy
Nutritional: Malnutrition, total parenteral nutrition, severe weight loss, refeeding syndrome, jejuno-ileal bypass, gastric bypass, jejunal diverticulosis with bacterial overgrowth
Drugs and toxins: Amiodarone, methotrexate, diltiazem, highly active antiretroviral therapy, glucocorticoids, tamoxifen, environmental hepatotoxins (e.g. phosphorus, toxic mushroom)
Other: Inflammatory bowel disease, HIV

Causes by Organ System

Cardiovascular	Patent ductus venosus
Chemical / poisoning	Alcohol, Carbon tetrachloride, Ethanol, Mushroom poisoning, Phosphorous
Dermatologic	No underlying causes
Drug Side Effect	Amiodarone, Anti retroviral therapy, Diltiazem, Febuxostat, Glucocorticoids, Lomitapide, Methotrexate, Tamoxifen, Tetracycline, Valproic acid, Mipomersen
Ear Nose Throat	No underlying causes
Endocrine	Diabetes mellitus, Type II diabetes
Environmental	No underlying causes
Gastroenterologic	Autoimmune hepatitis, Inflammatory bowel disease, Jejunal diverticulosis with bacterial overgrowth, Non alcoholic steatohepatitis
Genetic	3-alpha-hydroxyacyl-CoA dehydrogenase deficiency, Abetalipoproteinaemia, Alpha1-antitrypsin deficiency, Chanarin-Dorfman disease, Citrullinemia type 2, Congenital generalized lipodystrophy type 1, Congenital generalized lipodystrophy type 2, Cystic fibrosis, Fructose-1, 6-diphosphatase deficiency, Long-chain acyl-CoA dehydrogenase deficiency, Medium chain acyl-CoA dehydrogenase deficiency, Neutral lipid storage disease with myopathy, Very long-chain acyl-CoA dehydrogenase deficiency, Wilson disease
Hematologic	No underlying causes
Iatrogenic	Gastric bypass, Jejunoileal bypass, Total parenteral nutrition
Infectious Disease	Hepatitis C, HIV
Musculoskeletal / Ortho	No underlying causes
Neurologic	No underlying causes
Nutritional / Metabolic	Familial combined hyperlipidemia, Galactosemia, Glycogen storage disorders, Hypertriglyceridemia, Hypobetalipoproteinemia, Iron overload, Kwashiorkor, Lipodystrophy, Malnutrition, Refeeding syndrome, Tyrosinemia, Weber-Christian disease
Obstetric/Gynecologic	Acute fatty liver of pregnancy
Oncologic	No underlying causes
Opthalmologic	No underlying causes
Overdose / Toxicity	No underlying causes
Psychiatric	No underlying causes
Pulmonary	No underlying causes
Renal / Electrolyte	No underlying causes
Rheum / Immune / Allergy	No underlying causes
Sexual	No underlying causes
Trauma	No underlying causes
Urologic	No underlying causes
Dental	No underlying causes
Miscellaneous	Metabolic syndrome, Obesity, Overnutrition, Severe weight loss

Causes in Alphabetical Order

References

↑ Angulo P (2002). “Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease”. N. Engl. J. Med. 346 (16): 1221–31. doi:10.1056/NEJMra011775. PMID 11961152.
↑ Bayard M, Holt J, Boroughs E (2006). “Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease”. American family physician. 73 (11): 1961–8. PMID 16770927.

[angulo-1] Angulo P (2002). “Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease”. N. Engl. J. Med. 346 (16): 1221–31. doi:10.1056/NEJMra011775. PMID 11961152.

[bayard-2] Bayard M, Holt J, Boroughs E (2006). “Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease”. American family physician. 73 (11): 1961–8. PMID 16770927.

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