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Health Dictionary

Reliable, easy-to-read patient information on common medical conditions — written in plain language, free of jargon, and grounded in current evidence. Browse the most frequent diagnoses, understand what they mean for everyday life, and learn which steps and questions help you have a focused conversation with your doctor.

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HIV induced pericarditis medical therapy

Introduction

Overview

Overview

Medical Therapy

Medical Therapy

  • Mostly idiopathic and resolves spontaneously.
  • However, asymptomatic effusions in HIV occur in advanced stages of the disease or they signal the onset of full-blown AIDS. These asymptomatic effusions require treatment to improve survival.[1] HAART therapy has significantly reduced the incidence and severity of cardiac complications associated with HIV.[2][3]
  • Other causes of pericarditis, including bacterial and fungal infections, should be identified and treated accordingly.

Supportive Trial Data

  • The incidence of pericardial effusion in patients with asymptomatic AIDS was 11% per year before the introduction of effective highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART). The 6 month survival rate of AIDS patients with effusion was significantly shorter (36%) than the survival rate without effusions (93%). This shortened survival rate remained statistically significant after adjustment for lead-time bias and was independent of CD4 count and albumin levels.[10]
References

References

  1. ↑ Barbaro G (2003) Pathogenesis of HIV-associated cardiovascular disease. Adv Cardiol 40 ():49-70. PMID: 14533546
  2. ↑ Ntsekhe M, Hakim J (2005) Impact of human immunodeficiency virus infection on cardiovascular disease in Africa. Circulation 112 (23):3602-7. DOI:10.1161/CIRCULATIONAHA.105.549220 PMID: 16330702
  3. ↑ Sudano I, Spieker LE, Noll G, Corti R, Weber R, Lüscher TF (2006) Cardiovascular disease in HIV infection. Am Heart J 151 (6):1147-55. DOI:10.1016/j.ahj.2005.07.030 PMID: 16781213
  4. ↑ Small PM, Schecter GF, Goodman PC, Sande MA, Chaisson RE, Hopewell PC (1991) Treatment of tuberculosis in patients with advanced human immunodeficiency virus infection. N Engl J Med 324 (5):289-94. DOI:10.1056/NEJM199101313240503 PMID: 1898769
  5. ↑ Sunderam G, McDonald RJ, Maniatis T, Oleske J, Kapila R, Reichman LB (1986) Tuberculosis as a manifestation of the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS). JAMA 256 (3):362-6. PMID: 3723722
  6. ↑ Syed FF, Mayosi BM (2007) A modern approach to tuberculous pericarditis. Prog Cardiovasc Dis 50 (3):218-36. DOI:10.1016/j.pcad.2007.03.002 PMID: 17976506
  7. ↑ 7.0 7.1 Levine AM (1992) AIDS-associated malignant lymphoma. Med Clin North Am 76 (1):253-68. PMID: 1727539
  8. ↑ Licci S, Narciso P, Morelli L, Brenna A, Cione A, Abbate I et al. (2007) Primary effusion lymphoma in pleural and pericardial cavities with multiple solid nodal and extra-nodal involvement in a human immunodeficiency virus-positive patient. Leuk Lymphoma 48 (1):209-11. DOI:10.1080/10428190601019880 PMID: 17325873
  9. ↑ Sanna P, Bertoni F, Zucca E, Roggero E, Passega Sidler E, Fiori G et al. (1998) Cardiac involvement in HIV-related non-Hodgkin’s lymphoma: a case report and short review of the literature. Ann Hematol 77 (1-2):75-8. PMID: 9760158
  10. ↑ Heidenreich PA, Eisenberg MJ, Kee LL, Somelofski CA, Hollander H, Schiller NB; et al. (1995). “Pericardial effusion in AIDS. Incidence and survival”. Circulation. 92 (11): 3229–34. PMID 7586308.

Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1];Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Varun Kumar, M.B.B.S.; Lakshmi Gopalakrishnan, M.B.B.S. Ramyar Ghandriz MD[2]