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Heart murmur risk factors

Introduction

overview

overview

The most potent risk factor in the development of heart murmur is depend on the cause of heart murmur. For instance, history of rheumatic fever and untreated streptococcus infection, congenital disorder, radiation (chest radiation), autoimmune diseases (Lupus),pregnanacy.

Risk factor

Risk factor

Common Risk Factors

Less Common Risk Factors

References

References

  1. ↑ Gujral, Dorothy M; Lloyd, Guy; Bhattacharyya, Sanjeev (2016). “Radiation-induced valvular heart disease”. Heart. 102 (4): 269–276. doi:10.1136/heartjnl-2015-308765. ISSN 1355-6037.
  2. ↑ Hasegawa, Ryo; Kitahara, Hiroto; Watanabe, Kuniyoshi; Kuroda, Hideo; Amano, Jun (2001). “Mitral stenosis and regurgitation with systemic lupus erythematosus and antiphospholipid antibody syndrome”. The Japanese Journal of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery. 49 (12): 711–713. doi:10.1007/BF02913510. ISSN 1344-4964.
  3. ↑ Tsiaras S, Poppas A (March 2009). “Mitral valve disease in pregnancy: outcomes and management”. Obstet Med. 2 (1): 6–10. doi:10.1258/om.2008.080002. PMC 4989773. PMID 27582798.

Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1], Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Nuha Al-Howthi, MD[2]