Hepatic encephalopathy epidemiology and demographics

Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]; Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Mohamadmostafa Jahansouz M.D.[2]

Overview

The prevalence of subclinical hepatic encephalopathy estimated to be 62,000 cases per 100,000 in patients with hepatic cirrhosis. The survival probability of hepatic encephalopathy is approximately 42% at 1 year and 23% at 3 years in follow-up. Chronic liver disease and cirrhosis which are the main causes of hepatic encephalopathy, affect more than 5.5 million people in the United States and hundreds of millions all over the world.

Epidemiology and Demographics

Incidence

The incidence of hepatic encephalopathy is unknown.
The prevalence of subclinical hepatic encephalopathy estimated to be 62,000 cases per 100,000 in patients with hepatic cirrhosis.^[1]

Case-fatality rate/Mortality rate

The survival probability of hepatic encephalopathy is approximately 42% at 1 year and 23% at 3 years in follow-up.^[2]

Age

The incidence of hepatic encephalopathy increases with aging.

Gender

Men are more commonly affected by hepatic encephalopathy than women.

Region

Chronic liver disease and cirrhosis which are the main causes of hepatic encephalopathy, affect more than 5.5 million people in the United States and hundreds of millions all over the world.^[3]

References

↑ Das A, Dhiman RK, Saraswat VA, Verma M, Naik SR (2001). “Prevalence and natural history of subclinical hepatic encephalopathy in cirrhosis”. J Gastroenterol Hepatol. 16 (5): 531–5. PMID 11350549.
↑ Bustamante J, Rimola A, Ventura PJ, Navasa M, Cirera I, Reggiardo V; et al. (1999). “Prognostic significance of hepatic encephalopathy in patients with cirrhosis”. J Hepatol. 30 (5): 890–5. PMID 10365817.
↑ Bleibel W, Al-Osaimi AM (2012). “Hepatic encephalopathy”. Saudi J Gastroenterol. 18 (5): 301–9. doi:10.4103/1319-3767.101123. PMC 3500018. PMID 23006457.

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[pmid11350549-1] Das A, Dhiman RK, Saraswat VA, Verma M, Naik SR (2001). “Prevalence and natural history of subclinical hepatic encephalopathy in cirrhosis”. J Gastroenterol Hepatol. 16 (5): 531–5. PMID 11350549.

[pmid10365817-2] Bustamante J, Rimola A, Ventura PJ, Navasa M, Cirera I, Reggiardo V; et al. (1999). “Prognostic significance of hepatic encephalopathy in patients with cirrhosis”. J Hepatol. 30 (5): 890–5. PMID 10365817.

[pmid23006457-3] Bleibel W, Al-Osaimi AM (2012). “Hepatic encephalopathy”. Saudi J Gastroenterol. 18 (5): 301–9. doi:10.4103/1319-3767.101123. PMC 3500018. PMID 23006457.

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