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List of epidemics
Introduction
This article is a list of major epidemics.
Worldwide Pandemics
Worldwide Pandemics
- 165–180: Antonine Plague, perhaps smallpox
- 541: the Plague of Justinian
- 1300s: the Black Death
- 1501–1587: typhus
- 1732–1733: influenza
- 1775–1776: influenza
- 1816–1826: cholera
- 1829–1851: cholera
- 1847–1848: influenza
- 1852–1860: cholera
- 1855–1950s: bubonic plague: Third Pandemic
- 1857–1859: influenza
- 1863–1875: cholera
- 1889–1892: influenza
- 1899–1923: cholera
- 1918–1920: avian flu: Spanish flu: more people were hospitalized in World War I from this epidemic than wounds. Estimates of the dead range from 20 to 40 million worldwide (WHO)
- 1960s: cholera called El Tor
- 1980s to present: HIV
Regional
Regional
Asia
- 1957–1958: avian flu: Asian flu
- 1968–1969: avian flu: Hong Kong flu
- 1997: avian flu – China, Hong Kong
- 2002–2003: SARS
Central and South America
- 1493: influenza – Hispaniola
- 1518: smallpox – Hispaniola
- 1520: smallpox – Mexico
- 1527–1530: smallpox – Peru
- 1530–1531: measles – Mexico, Peru
- 1546: typhus – Mexico, Peru
- 1558–1559: influenza – Mexico, Peru
- early 1600s: malaria
- 1648: yellow fever
Europe
Egypt
- 1801: plague
- 1831: cholera
- 1834–1836: plague
- 1848, 1865, 1881: cholera
- 1902: cholera
- 1942–1944: falciparum malaria
- 1946: relapsing fever
- 1947: cholera
North America
- 1657: measles – Boston, Massachusetts
- 1687: measles – Boston, Massachusetts
- 1690: yellow fever – New York, New York
- 1713: measles – Boston, Massachusetts
- 1721–1722:smallpox – Boston, Massachusetts
- 1729: measles – Boston, Massachusetts
- 1738: smallpox – South Carolina
- 1739–1740: measles – Boston, Massachusetts
- 1747: measles – Connecticut, New York, Pennsylvania, South Carolina
- 1759: measles – North America
- 1761: influenza – North America and West Indies
- 1772: measles – North America
- 1775: unknown cause – North America, particularly in the northeast
- 1783: bilious disorder – Dover, Delaware
- 1788: measles – Philadelphia, Pennsylvania and New York
- 1793: influenza and “putrid fever” – Vermont
- 1793: influenza – Virginia
- 1793: yellow fever – Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
- 1793: unknown – Harrisburg, Pennsylvania
- 1793: unknown – Middletown, Pennsylvania
- 1794: yellow fever – Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
- 1796–1797: yellow fever – Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
- 1798: yellow fever – Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
- 1803: yellow fever – New York
- 1820–1823: fever – United States spreading from the Schuylkill River
- 1831–1832: Asiatic cholera – United States (brought by English immigrants)
- 1832: cholera – New York City and other major cities
- 1833: cholera – Columbus, Ohio
- 1834: cholera – New York City
- 1837: typhus – Philadelphia
- 1841: yellow fever – United States (especially severe in the South)
- 1847: yellow fever New Orleans
- 1848–1849: cholera – North America
- 1849: cholera New York
- 1850: yellow fever – United States
- 1850–1851: influenza – North America
- 1851: cholera Coles County, Illinois, The Great Plains, and Missouri
- 1852: yellow fever – United States (New Orleans-8,000 die in summer)
- 1855: yellow fever – United States
- 1860–1861: smallpox – Pennsylvania
- 1865–1873: smallpox – Philadelphia, New York City, Boston, New Orleans
- 1865–1873: cholera – Baltimore, Maryland, Memphis, Washington, DC
- 1865–1873: recurring epidemics of typhus, typhoid, scarlet fever, and yellow fever
- 1873–1875: influenza – North America and Europe
- 1876: smallpox – Deadwood, South Dakota
- 1878: yellow fever – Memphis, New Orleans
- 1885: typhoid – Plymouth, Pennsylvania
- 1886: yellow fever – Jacksonville, Florida
- 1918–1920: Spanish flu – Fort Riley, Kansas
References
References
On Egypt
- Kuhnke, Laverne. Lives at Risk: Public Health in Nineteenth-Century Egypt.[1] Berkeley: University of California Press, c1990.
- Gallagher, Nancy. Egypt’s Other Wars: Epidemics and the Politics of Public Health. Syracuse University Press, c1990. Published by the American University in Cairo Press. ISBN 977-424-295-5
