Health Dictionary

Overview

An elevated concentration a-fetoprotein (AFP) and b-human chorionic gonadotrophin (b-hCG) are diagnostic of malignant ovarian germ cell tumors.

Ovarian germ cell tumor Laboratory Findings

An elevated concentration a-fetoprotein (AFP) and b-human chorionic gonadotrophin (b-hCG) are diagnostic of malignant ovarian germ cell tumors.^[1]

The tumor marker associated with ovarian germ cell tumor subtypes are as follows:^[2]

Ovarian germ cell tumor subtype	Tumor markers expressed
Dysgerminoma	Serum lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) Human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG)
Embryonal carcinoma	hCG, AFP
Endodermal sinus tumor or yolk sac tumors	Alpha-fetoprotein (AFP)
Polyembryoma	hCG, AFP
Teratoma	Rarely produce tumor markers: AFP and CA-125
Choriocarcinoma	hCG

Mature teratoma

Mature teratoma is associated with increased level of CA 19-9. ^[3]
There is a report suggesting a role for increased levels of CA-125 and AFP tumor markers in differentiating the immature teratoma and mature teratoma.^[4]

Immature teratoma

Immature teratoma is associated with elevated AFP in one third of the cases.^[5]

Dysgerminoma

Pure dysgerminoma, usually secret no hormones. However, 5% of tumors are capable of producing B-hCG.^[6]
Multinucleated syncytiotrophoblastic giant cells, in the dysgerminoma, produce B-hCG.
LDH and ALK-P may be elevated nonspecifically.

Embryonal carcinoma

They are capable of producing alpha-fetoprotein or human chorionic gonadotropin.^[7]

Endodermal sinus tumor

Yolk sac tumor is associated with increased level of AFP.^[8]

Polyembryoma

These tumors may be associated with elevated levels of b-hCG and AFP.^[9]

Non-gestational choriocarcinoma

They can produce human chorionic gonadotropin.^[7]

References

↑ Pectasides, D.; Pectasides, E.; Kassanos, D. (2008). “Germ cell tumors of the ovary”. Cancer Treatment Reviews. 34 (5): 427–441. doi:10.1016/j.ctrv.2008.02.002. ISSN 0305-7372.
↑ Ovary: Germ cell tumors. http://atlasgeneticsoncology.org/Tumors/OvarianGermCellID5067.html. URL Accessed on November 10, 2015
↑ Yayla Abide, Çiğdem; Bostancı Ergen, Evrim (2018). “Retrospective analysis of mature cystic teratomas in a single center and review of the literature”. Journal of Turkish Society of Obstetric and Gynecology. 15 (2): 95–98. doi:10.4274/tjod.86244. ISSN 1307-699X.
↑ Chen C, Li JD, Huang H, Feng YL, Wang LH, Chen L (January 2008). “[Diagnostic value of multiple tumor marker detection for mature and immature teratoma of the ovary]”. Ai Zheng (in Chinese). 27 (1): 92–5. PMID 18184473.
↑ Gershenson, David M. (2007). “Management of Ovarian Germ Cell Tumors”. Journal of Clinical Oncology. 25 (20): 2938–2943. doi:10.1200/JCO.2007.10.8738. ISSN 0732-183X.
↑ Shaaban, Akram M.; Rezvani, Maryam; Elsayes, Khaled M.; Baskin, Henry; Mourad, Amr; Foster, Bryan R.; Jarboe, Elke A.; Menias, Christine O. (2014). “Ovarian Malignant Germ Cell Tumors: Cellular Classification and Clinical and Imaging Features”. RadioGraphics. 34 (3): 777–801. doi:10.1148/rg.343130067. ISSN 0271-5333.
↑ ^7.0 ^7.1 Chen VW, Ruiz B, Killeen JL, Coté TR, Wu XC, Correa CN (May 2003). “Pathology and classification of ovarian tumors”. Cancer. 97 (10 Suppl): 2631–42. doi:10.1002/cncr.11345. PMID 12733128.
↑ Stein, Erica B.; Wasnik, Ashish P.; Sciallis, Andrew P.; Kamaya, Aya; Maturen, Katherine E. (2017). “MR Imaging–Pathologic Correlation in Ovarian Cancer”. Magnetic Resonance Imaging Clinics of North America. 25 (3): 545–562. doi:10.1016/j.mric.2017.03.004. ISSN 1064-9689.
↑ Low, Jeffrey J.H.; Ilancheran, Arunachalam; Ng, Joseph S. (2012). “Malignant ovarian germ-cell tumours”. Best Practice & Research Clinical Obstetrics & Gynaecology. 26 (3): 347–355. doi:10.1016/j.bpobgyn.2012.01.002. ISSN 1521-6934.

Template:WikiDoc Sources

[PectasidesPectasides2008-1] Pectasides, D.; Pectasides, E.; Kassanos, D. (2008). “Germ cell tumors of the ovary”. Cancer Treatment Reviews. 34 (5): 427–441. doi:10.1016/j.ctrv.2008.02.002. ISSN 0305-7372.

[anc-2] Ovary: Germ cell tumors. http://atlasgeneticsoncology.org/Tumors/OvarianGermCellID5067.html. URL Accessed on November 10, 2015

[Yayla_AbideBostancı_Ergen2018-3] Yayla Abide, Çiğdem; Bostancı Ergen, Evrim (2018). “Retrospective analysis of mature cystic teratomas in a single center and review of the literature”. Journal of Turkish Society of Obstetric and Gynecology. 15 (2): 95–98. doi:10.4274/tjod.86244. ISSN 1307-699X.

[pmid18184473-4] Chen C, Li JD, Huang H, Feng YL, Wang LH, Chen L (January 2008). “[Diagnostic value of multiple tumor marker detection for mature and immature teratoma of the ovary]”. Ai Zheng (in Chinese). 27 (1): 92–5. PMID 18184473.

[Gershenson2007-5] Gershenson, David M. (2007). “Management of Ovarian Germ Cell Tumors”. Journal of Clinical Oncology. 25 (20): 2938–2943. doi:10.1200/JCO.2007.10.8738. ISSN 0732-183X.

[ShaabanRezvani2014-6] Shaaban, Akram M.; Rezvani, Maryam; Elsayes, Khaled M.; Baskin, Henry; Mourad, Amr; Foster, Bryan R.; Jarboe, Elke A.; Menias, Christine O. (2014). “Ovarian Malignant Germ Cell Tumors: Cellular Classification and Clinical and Imaging Features”. RadioGraphics. 34 (3): 777–801. doi:10.1148/rg.343130067. ISSN 0271-5333.

[pmid12733128-7] 7.0 ^7.1 Chen VW, Ruiz B, Killeen JL, Coté TR, Wu XC, Correa CN (May 2003). “Pathology and classification of ovarian tumors”. Cancer. 97 (10 Suppl): 2631–42. doi:10.1002/cncr.11345. PMID 12733128.

[SteinWasnik2017-8] Stein, Erica B.; Wasnik, Ashish P.; Sciallis, Andrew P.; Kamaya, Aya; Maturen, Katherine E. (2017). “MR Imaging–Pathologic Correlation in Ovarian Cancer”. Magnetic Resonance Imaging Clinics of North America. 25 (3): 545–562. doi:10.1016/j.mric.2017.03.004. ISSN 1064-9689.

[LowIlancheran2012-9] Low, Jeffrey J.H.; Ilancheran, Arunachalam; Ng, Joseph S. (2012). “Malignant ovarian germ-cell tumours”. Best Practice & Research Clinical Obstetrics & Gynaecology. 26 (3): 347–355. doi:10.1016/j.bpobgyn.2012.01.002. ISSN 1521-6934.

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