Health Dictionary
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Inappropriate sinus tachycardia
Introduction
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Synonyms and keywords: IST; chronic nonparoxysmal sinus tachycardia
Overview
Overview
Inappropriate sinus tachycardia is an uncommon form of supraventricular tachycardia (SVT).
Epidemiology and Demographics
The condition was first formally recognized as a veritable syndrome in 1979.
Pathophysiology
The mechanism of the arrhythmia primarily involves the sinus node and peri-nodal tissue[1] and does not require the AV node for maintenance. These patients have no apparent heart disease or other causes of sinus tachycardia. IST is thought to be due to abnormal autonomic control or dysautonomia. An autoimmune mechanism has been suggested as several studies have detected autoantibodies that activate beta adrenoreceptors in a portion of patients.[2][3]
References
- ↑ Sato, Toshiaki; Mitamura, Hideo; Murata, Mitsushige; Shinagawa, Kaori; Miyoshi, Shunichiro; Kanki, Hideaki; Takatsuki, Seiji; Soejima, Kyoko; Miyazaki, Toshihisa (2000). “Electrophysiologic findings of a patient with inappropriate sinus tachycardia cured by selective radiofrequency catheter ablation”. Journal of Electrocardiology. 33 (4): 381–6. doi:10.1054/jelc.2000.9648. PMID 11099363.
- ↑ Chiale, Pablo A.; Garro, Hugo A.; Schmidberg, Jorge; Sánchez, Rubén A.; Acunzo, Rafael S.; Lago, Manuel; Levy, Gabriela; Levin, Mariano (2006). “Inappropriate sinus tachycardia may be related to an immunologic disorder involving cardiac β andrenergic receptors”. Heart Rhythm. 3 (10): 1182–6. doi:10.1016/j.hrthm.2006.06.011. PMID 17018348.
- ↑ Nattel, Stanley (2006). “Inappropriate sinus tachycardia and beta-receptor autoantibodies: A mechanistic breakthrough?”. Heart Rhythm. 3 (10): 1187–8. doi:10.1016/j.hrthm.2006.07.019. PMID 17018349.
Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]
Historical Perspective
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Overview
The condition was first formally recognized as a veritable syndrome in 1979.
References
Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]
Pathophysiology
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Overview
The mechanism of the arrhythmia primarily involves the sinus node and peri-nodal tissue[1] and does not require the AV node for maintenance. These patients have no apparent heart disease or other causes of sinus tachycardia. IST is thought to be due to abnormal autonomic control or dysautonomia. An autoimmune mechanism has been suggested as several studies have detected autoantibodies that activate beta adrenoreceptors in a portion of patients.[2][3]
References
- ↑ Sato, Toshiaki; Mitamura, Hideo; Murata, Mitsushige; Shinagawa, Kaori; Miyoshi, Shunichiro; Kanki, Hideaki; Takatsuki, Seiji; Soejima, Kyoko; Miyazaki, Toshihisa (2000). “Electrophysiologic findings of a patient with inappropriate sinus tachycardia cured by selective radiofrequency catheter ablation”. Journal of Electrocardiology. 33 (4): 381–6. doi:10.1054/jelc.2000.9648. PMID 11099363.
- ↑ Chiale, Pablo A.; Garro, Hugo A.; Schmidberg, Jorge; Sánchez, Rubén A.; Acunzo, Rafael S.; Lago, Manuel; Levy, Gabriela; Levin, Mariano (2006). “Inappropriate sinus tachycardia may be related to an immunologic disorder involving cardiac β andrenergic receptors”. Heart Rhythm. 3 (10): 1182–6. doi:10.1016/j.hrthm.2006.06.011. PMID 17018348.
- ↑ Nattel, Stanley (2006). “Inappropriate sinus tachycardia and beta-receptor autoantibodies: A mechanistic breakthrough?”. Heart Rhythm. 3 (10): 1187–8. doi:10.1016/j.hrthm.2006.07.019. PMID 17018349.
Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]
Causes
Overview
The cause of inappropriate sinus tachycardia is unknown. It is a diagnosis of exclusion after all the specific physiological and psychological triggers of sinus tachycardia have been excluded. The diagnosis of IST is based on the presence of a persistent and recurrent sinus tachycardia on EKG that is otherwise unexplainable.
References
Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]
Differentiating Inappropriate Sinus Tachycardia from other Diseases
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Differentiating Sinus Tachycardia from other Medical Conditions
The following medical conditions must be excluded as a cause of tachycardia:
References
Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]
Epidemiology and Demographics
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Epidemiology and Demographics
The disorder is uncommon.
Age
Most patients are in their late 20s to early 30s.
Gender
More common in women.
References
Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]
Related Chapters
Related Chapters
Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]