
Health Dictionary
Reliable, easy-to-read patient information on common medical conditions — written in plain language, free of jargon, and grounded in current evidence. Browse the most frequent diagnoses, understand what they mean for everyday life, and learn which steps and questions help you have a focused conversation with your doctor.
Carcinoid syndrome classification
Introduction
Overview
Overview
Gastroenteropancreatic neuroendocrine tumors are classified based on their origin from the embryonic divisions of the alimentary tract into foregut (bronchial, stomach), midgut (small intestine, appendix, cecum) and hindgut (distal colon, rectum, genitourinary) tumours.
Classification
Classification
- Gastroentero–pancreatic neuroendocrine tumors are classified based on their origin from the embryonic divisions of the alimentary tract:
- Foregut (bronchial, stomach)
- Midgut (small intestine, appendix, cecum)
- Hindgut (distal colon, rectum, genitourinary)
- Gasroenteropancreatic- neuroendocrine tumor produce a number of secretory products, resulting in a wide range of clinical symptoms.[1] [2][3]
- Midgut gastrointestinal tract neuroendocrine tumors produce serotonin and other vasoactive substances that causes the manifestations of typical carcinoid syndrome.
- Lung neuroendocrine tumors produce less quantities of serotonin.
- Carcinoid syndrome is caused less commonly by lung neuroendocrine tumor and most often by tumors of large size (>5 cm).
| Foregut | Midgut | Hindgut | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Location | |||
| Hormones produced | Variable | ||
| Possibility of carcinoid syndrome | Rare, and atypical when it occurs | Classic | Rare |
References
References
- ↑ Büyükaşık K, Arı A, Tatar C, Akçe B, Sevinç MM, Sarı S, PaÅŸaoÄŸlu E, BektaÅŸ H (2017). “Clinicopathological features of gastroenteropancreatic neuroendocrine tumors: A retrospective evaluation of 42 cases”. Turk J Surg. 33 (4): 279–283. doi:10.5152/UCD.2017.3685. PMID 29260133.
- ↑ Davies L, Weickert MO (2016). “Gastroenteropancreatic neuroendocrine tumours: an overview”. Br J Nurs. 25 (4): S12–5. doi:10.12968/bjon.2016.25.4.S12. PMID 26911175.
- ↑ Oberg K, Castellano D (March 2011). “Current knowledge on diagnosis and staging of neuroendocrine tumors”. Cancer Metastasis Rev. 30 Suppl 1: 3–7. doi:10.1007/s10555-011-9292-1. PMID 21311954.
Editor-In-Chief:
C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Anum Gull M.B.B.S.[2]Parminder Dhingra, M.D. [3]
