Hypoaldosteronism causes

Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]; Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Akshun Kalia M.B.B.S.[2]

Overview

The most common cause of hypoaldosteronism is diabetic nephropathy. Other common causes are acute glomerulonephritis, tuberculosis, hemorrhage, infarction, sarcoidosis, AIDS, CMV, and Addison’s disease. Less common causes of hypoaldosteronism include sarcoidosis, amyloidosis, fungal infections, AIDS complications, and hemochromatosis.

Causes

Life-threatening Causes

Life-threatening causes of hypoaldosteronism include:^[1]

Adrenal infarction
Bilateral adrenal hemorrhage (caused by trauma, anticoagulant therapy, or coagulation disorders).
Cancerous destruction of the adrenal gland, secondary to infiltrative or metastatic disease.
Tubercular and fungal destruction of adrenal glands.

Common Causes

Common causes of hypoaldosteronism include:^[2]

Less common causes

Less common causes of hypoaldosteronism include:

Drugs causing hypoaldosteronism

Other less common causes of hypoaldosteronism include drugs such as:^[3]^[4]^[5]^[6]^[7]

Decreased renin release	Inhibition of aldosterone synthase	Decreased production of aldosterone	Decreased effect of aldosterone	Drugs that impair adrenal function	Direct inhibition of zona glomerulosa	Dopaminergic agonists
Acebutolol Atenolol Bisoprolol Carvedilol Flufenamic acid Indomethacin Naproxen	Cyclosporine Tacrolimus Heparin Benidipine Azelnidipine Cilnidipine Efonidipine	Captopril Enalapril Fosinopril Lisinopril Moexipril	Amiloride Eplerenone Spironolactone Triamterene	Aminoglutethimide Metyrapone Mitotane Trilostane	Heparin sodium Nitric oxide	Bromocriptine Metoclopramide Cabergoline

References

↑ LaBan MM, Whitmore CE, Taylor RS (2003). “Bilateral adrenal hemorrhage after anticoagulation prophylaxis for bilateral knee arthroplasty”. Am J Phys Med Rehabil. 82 (5): 418–20. doi:10.1097/01.PHM.0000064741.97586.E4. PMID 12704285.
↑ Sailer, Christian, Wasner, Susanne. Differential Diagnosis Pocket. Hermosa Beach, CA: Borm Bruckmeir Publishing LLC, 2002:14-15
↑ Missale C, Lombardi C, De Cotiis R, Memo M, Carruba MO, Spano PF (1989). “Dopaminergic receptor mechanisms modulating the renin-angiotensin system and aldosterone secretion: an overview”. J. Cardiovasc. Pharmacol. 14 Suppl 8: S29–39. PMID 2483440.
↑ Akizuki O, Inayoshi A, Kitayama T, Yao K, Shirakura S, Sasaki K, Kusaka H, Matsubara M (2008). “Blockade of T-type voltage-dependent Ca2+ channels by benidipine, a dihydropyridine calcium channel blocker, inhibits aldosterone production in human adrenocortical cell line NCI-H295R”. Eur. J. Pharmacol. 584 (2–3): 424–34. doi:10.1016/j.ejphar.2008.02.001. PMID 18331727.
↑ Ikeda, Keiichi; Isaka, Tsuyoshi; Fujioka, Kouki; Manome, Yoshinobu; Tojo, Katsuyoshi (2012). “Suppression of Aldosterone Synthesis and Secretion by Channel Antagonists”. International Journal of Endocrinology. 2012: 1–6. doi:10.1155/2012/519467. ISSN 1687-8337.
↑ McKenna TJ, Island DP, Nicholson WE, Liddle GW (1978). “The effects of potassium on early and late steps in aldosterone biosynthesis in cells of the zona glomerulosa”. Endocrinology. 103 (4): 1411–6. doi:10.1210/endo-103-4-1411. PMID 744152.
↑ Carey, R. M.; Drake, C. R. (1986). “Dopamine selectively inhibits aldosterone responses to angiotensin II in humans”. Hypertension. 8 (5): 399–406. doi:10.1161/01.HYP.8.5.399. ISSN 0194-911X.

Template:WH Template:WS

[pmid12704285-1] LaBan MM, Whitmore CE, Taylor RS (2003). “Bilateral adrenal hemorrhage after anticoagulation prophylaxis for bilateral knee arthroplasty”. Am J Phys Med Rehabil. 82 (5): 418–20. doi:10.1097/01.PHM.0000064741.97586.E4. PMID 12704285.

[2] Sailer, Christian, Wasner, Susanne. Differential Diagnosis Pocket. Hermosa Beach, CA: Borm Bruckmeir Publishing LLC, 2002:14-15

[pmid2483440-3] Missale C, Lombardi C, De Cotiis R, Memo M, Carruba MO, Spano PF (1989). “Dopaminergic receptor mechanisms modulating the renin-angiotensin system and aldosterone secretion: an overview”. J. Cardiovasc. Pharmacol. 14 Suppl 8: S29–39. PMID 2483440.

[pmid18331727-4] Akizuki O, Inayoshi A, Kitayama T, Yao K, Shirakura S, Sasaki K, Kusaka H, Matsubara M (2008). “Blockade of T-type voltage-dependent Ca2+ channels by benidipine, a dihydropyridine calcium channel blocker, inhibits aldosterone production in human adrenocortical cell line NCI-H295R”. Eur. J. Pharmacol. 584 (2–3): 424–34. doi:10.1016/j.ejphar.2008.02.001. PMID 18331727.

[IkedaIsaka2012-5] Ikeda, Keiichi; Isaka, Tsuyoshi; Fujioka, Kouki; Manome, Yoshinobu; Tojo, Katsuyoshi (2012). “Suppression of Aldosterone Synthesis and Secretion by Channel Antagonists”. International Journal of Endocrinology. 2012: 1–6. doi:10.1155/2012/519467. ISSN 1687-8337.

[pmid744152-6] McKenna TJ, Island DP, Nicholson WE, Liddle GW (1978). “The effects of potassium on early and late steps in aldosterone biosynthesis in cells of the zona glomerulosa”. Endocrinology. 103 (4): 1411–6. doi:10.1210/endo-103-4-1411. PMID 744152.

[CareyDrake1986-7] Carey, R. M.; Drake, C. R. (1986). “Dopamine selectively inhibits aldosterone responses to angiotensin II in humans”. Hypertension. 8 (5): 399–406. doi:10.1161/01.HYP.8.5.399. ISSN 0194-911X.

[1]

[2]

[3]

[4]

[5]

[6]

[7]