Myalgia

Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]

Synonyms and keywords: Muscle pain; myodynia

Overview

Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]

Overview

Myalgia means “muscle pain” and is a symptom of many diseases and disorders. The most common cause for myalgia is either overuse or over-stretching of a muscle or group of muscles. Myalgia without a traumatic history is often due to viral infections. Longer-term myalgias may be indicative of a metabolic myopathy, some nutritional deficiencies or chronic fatigue syndrome.

References

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Pathophysiology

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References

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Causes

Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Luke Rusowicz-Orazem, B.S.

Overview

The most common causes of myalgia are overuse, injury or stress^[1]. However, myalgia can also be caused by diseases, disorders, medications, as a response to vaccination and withdrawal syndromes.

Causes

Common Causes

Causes by Organ System

Cardiovascular	Cholesterol embolism, Claudication, Endocarditis, Exercise intolerance, Hemochromatosis, Polyarteritis nodosa, Vasculitis
Chemical/Poisoning	5-azacytidine, Aluminium toxicity, Arsenic trioxide, Lead, Nitrogen dioxide, Tryptophan
Dental	No underlying causes
Dermatologic	Dermatomyositis, Ehlers-danlos syndrome, Morphea, Sweet’s disease, Weber-christian disease
Drug Side Effect	Acetaminophen, Acrylamide, Aldara , Amlodipine besylate , Amphotericin b, Aromatase inhibitors, Artemether, Atorvastatin calcium trihydrate, Atovaquone, Bezafibrate, Bicalutamide, Boniva, Campylobacter jejuni, Carfilzomib, Ciprofloxacin , Cytarabine, Dabrafenib, Darbepoetin, Desloratadine, Disoproxil fumarate, Efavirenz, Emtricitabine, Enzalutamide, Eribulin, Evolocumab, Filgastrim, Florbetapir f-18, Fulvestrant, Gemifloxacin mesylate, Glucocorticoid-induced myopathy, Hpv vaccine, Idursulfase, Imatinib mesylate, Infliximab, Interferon alfa-2b , Interferon alpha, Interferon beta- 1a, Interferon beta- 1b, Interferon gamma, Interleukin 2, Isotretinoin, Ivacaftor, Ixabepilone, Janumet, Leflunomide, Lenvatinib, Letrozole, Levalbuterol, Linagliptin, Melarsoprol, Mifepristone, Nabilone, Nalmefene, Naltrexone, Nevirapine, Niacin, Norfloxacin, Olaratumab, Oprelvekin, Oxycodone, Paclitaxel, Pegylated interferon alfa-2a, Pentamidine isethionate, Pergolide, Pertuzumab, Pravastatin, Procainamide, Progesterone, Quinupristin, Reslizumab, Rhinovirus infection, Rifaximin, Rizatriptan, Rosuvastatin, Sertraline, Simvastatin, Sipuleucel-t, Sofosbuvir, Sonidegib, Sorafenib, Spiriva, Statins, Sumatriptan, Suxamethonium, Telbivudine, Tenofovir, Tesamorelin, Thalidomide, Trametinib dimethyl sulfoxide, Trastuzumab, Triptorelin pamoate, Valdecoxib, Vardenafil, Vytorin, Zetia, Zomig, Zonisamide
Ear Nose Throat	No underlying causes
Endocrine	Adrenal insufficiency, Chronic fatigue syndrome, Hypothyroid myopathy, Thyroid disease
Environmental	No underlying causes
Gastroenterologic	Barcoo fever, Febuxostat, Glycogenosis type 5, Glycogenosis type 7, Glycogenosis type 9d, Hemochromatosis, Muscle glycogen synthase deficiency, Norwalk gastroenteritis , Prostatitis, Toxoplasmosis, Viral digestive infections
Genetic	Channelopathy, Ehlers-danlos syndrome, Glycogenosis type 5, Glycogenosis type 7, Glycogenosis type 9d, Hanac syndrome, Mercaptopropionylglycine, Muscle glycogen synthase deficiency, Myalgic encephalomyelitis, Myoadenylate deaminase deficiency, Nalp12-associated hereditary periodic fever syndrome, Phosphogylcerate mutase 2 deficiency, West nile fever
Hematologic	Babesiosis , Blood transfusion , Carnitine palmitoyltransferase ii deficiency, Enolase deficiency type 3 , Enterohemorrhagic escherichia coli infection, Hematoma, Hemorrhagic fever, Hypokalemia, Lactate dehydrogenase-a deficiency, Lassa fever, Paroxysmal cold haemoglobinuria, Phosphogylcerate mutase 2 deficiency, Postoperative septicaemia , Severe potassium deficiency, Toxemia , Toxic shock syndrome, Viral hemorrhagic fever, Vitamin d deficiency
Iatrogenic	Hpv vaccine
Infectious Disease	Acute posterior multifocal placoid pigment , Aids, Babesiosis , Barcoo fever, Bartonellosis , Benzodiazepine withdrawal, Blastomycosis , Bornholm disease, Brucellosis, Chikungunya, Coccidioidomycosis , Common cold, Delayed viral syndromes , Dengue fever, Ebola, Ehrlichia ewingii, Endemic typhus, Enterohemorrhagic escherichia coli infection, Epidemic typhus , Epstein-barr virus, Familial mediterranean fever, Filovirus , Flavivirus , Flu , Granulocyte-macrophage colony stimulating factor, Hantavirus , Heartland virus, Hemorrhagic fever, Herpes, Hibernian fever, Histoplasmosis, Hiv, Human granulocytic ehrlichiosis, Human parvovirus b19 infection , Infectious diarrhea , Infectious mononucleosis, Influenza, Lassa fever, Legionellosis, Leptospirosis, Lyme disease, Malaria , Marburg virus , Mastocytosis, Meningitis, Meningococcal disease , Monkeypox, Muscle abscess, Pharyngitis, Pneumonia, Polio, Postoperative septicaemia , Prostatitis, Psittacosis, Pyomyositis, Q fever , Queensland tick typhus, Rabies, Rickettsia akari, Rickettsia siberica , Rickettsia typhi , Rickettsial disease , Ricketttsialpox , Rift valley fever, Rocky mountain spotted fever, Ross river virus, Roundworm , Sargramostim, Schistosoma haematobium, Sepsis , Spotted fevers , Staphylococcal toxic shock syndrome, Staphylococcus aureus, Streptococcal infections, Tick typhus, Toxemia , Toxic shock syndrome, Toxoplasmosis, Trichinella spiralis, Trichinosis , Typhoid fever , Vibrio vulnificus infection , Viral digestive infections , Viral hemorrhagic fever, Viral pneumonia, Weil’s syndrome , West nile encephalitis, West nile fever, Western equine encephalitis, Wuchereria bancrofti, Yellow fever
Musculoskeletal/Orthopedic	Bursitis, Caveolin-3 related distal myopathy, Delayed onset muscle soreness, Fibromyalgia, Hypothyroid myopathy, Hypotonia, Inflammatory myopathy, Muscle abscess, Myoadenylate deaminase deficiency, Myopathy , Myositis, Pes anserinus pain syndrome, Polio, Polymyositis, Pyomyositis, Repetitive strain injury, Rhizomelic pseudopolyarthritis, Rippling muscle disease , Tumor-induced osteomalacia
Neurologic	Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, familial type 1, Chronic fatigue syndrome, Devic’s disease, Eosinophilia myalgia syndrome, Mitochondrial myopathy, Mixed connective tissue disease, Multiple sclerosis, Myalgic encephalomyelitis, Optic neuropathy, Peripheral neuropathy, Pes anserinus pain syndrome, Stiff man syndrome, Sweet’s disease, West nile encephalitis, Western equine encephalitis
Nutritional/Metabolic	Hypovitaminosis d, Phosphate diabetes , Vitamin d deficiency
Obstetric/Gynecologic	No underlying causes
Oncologic	Tumor-induced osteomalacia
Ophthalmologic	Acute posterior multifocal placoid pigment , Optic neuropathy, Stickler syndrome
Overdose/Toxicity	Alcohol withdrawal, Barbiturate withdrawal, Caffeine withdrawal, Corticosteroid withdrawal, Etidronic acid, Glucocorticoid-induced myopathy, Opiate withdrawal
Psychiatric	Stress
Pulmonary	Coccidioidomycosis , Hiv, Legionellosis, Pneumonia, Sarcoidosis, Severe acute respiratory syndrome, Viral pneumonia
Renal/Electrolyte	Haff syndrome, Hypokalemia, Rhabdomyolysis
Rheumatology/Immunology/Allergy	Bursitis, Chronic exertional compartment syndrome, Dermatomyositis, Devic’s disease, Eosinophilia myalgia syndrome, Febuxostat, Fibromyalgia, Hibernian fever, Inflammatory myopathy, Polyarteritis nodosa, Polymyalgia rheumatica, Polymyositis, Sarcoidosis, Stickler syndrome, Systemic lupus erythematosus
Sexual	Aids, Herpes
Trauma	Physical trauma, Repetitive strain injury
Urologic	No underlying causes
Miscellaneous	No underlying causes

Causes in Alphabetical Order

References

↑ MedlinePlus

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Differentiating Myalgia from other Diseases

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References

Natural History, Complications and Prognosis

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References

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Diagnosis

Treatment

Medical Therapy | Surgery | Primary Prevention | Secondary Prevention

Related Chapters

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[MedlinePlus-1] MedlinePlus

[1]

Myalgia

Overview

Overview

References

Pathophysiology

References

Causes

Overview

Causes

Common Causes

Causes by Organ System

Causes in Alphabetical Order

References

Differentiating Myalgia from other Diseases

References

Natural History, Complications and Prognosis

References

Diagnosis

Treatment

Related Chapters

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