Health Dictionary
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Hyperlipoproteinemia causes
Introduction
Overview
Overview
The causes of hyperlipoproteinemia are either familial, acquired or idiopathic. Familial (primary) causes are mainly due to genetic abnormalities and a few examples include familial hypercholesterolemia, familial combined hyperlipidemia and familial hypertriglyceridemia. Acquired (secondary) hyperlipoproteinemia often mimic primary forms of hyperlipoproteinemia and common causes include the use of drugs (diuretics, beta blockers and estrogens); endocrine disorders (diabetes mellitus, hypothyroidism); metabolic disorders and renal causes such as renal failure.
Causes
Causes
Life Threatening Causes
Life-threatening causes include conditions which may result in death or permanent disability within 24 hours if left untreated.
Common Causes
Causes Based on Major Lipoprotein Detected in Blood Laboratory Test
High Chylomicron Causes
High Chylomicron Remnant Causes
High HDL Causes
High IDL Causes
- Apolipoprotein E deficiency
- Chronic renal failure [11]
- Decreased hepatic triglyceride lipase[12][13]
- Diabetes mellitus type 2 [14]
- Diabetic nephropathy[15]
- Familial alphalipoprotein deficiency
- Glycogen storage disease type 1a[16][17]
- Hyperparathyroidism [12]
- Hypocalcemia [12]
- Reaven X syndrome
High LDL Causes
High VLDL Causes
High Total Cholesterol Causes
High Triglyceride Causes
Combined List of Causes in Alphabetical Order
References
References
- ↑ Kasiske BL, Ma JZ, Kalil RS, Louis TA (1995). “Effects of antihypertensive therapy on serum lipids”. Ann Intern Med. 122 (2): 133–41. PMID 7992988.
- ↑ Boers M, Nurmohamed MT, Doelman CJ, Lard LR, Verhoeven AC, Voskuyl AE; et al. (2003). “Influence of glucocorticoids and disease activity on total and high density lipoprotein cholesterol in patients with rheumatoid arthritis”. Ann Rheum Dis. 62 (9): 842–5. PMC 1754645. PMID 12922956.
- ↑ 3.0 3.1 3.2 3.3 Durrington, P. (2003). “Dyslipidaemia”. Lancet. 362 (9385): 717–31. doi:10.1016/S0140-6736(03)14234-1. PMID 12957096. Unknown parameter
|month=ignored (help) - ↑ Genest JJ, Martin-Munley SS, McNamara JR, Ordovas JM, Jenner J, Myers RH; et al. (1992). “Familial lipoprotein disorders in patients with premature coronary artery disease”. Circulation. 85 (6): 2025–33. PMID 1534286.
- ↑ 5.0 5.1 5.2 5.3 Covington, MB. (2004). “Omega-3 fatty acids”. Am Fam Physician. 70 (1): 133–40. PMID 15259529. Unknown parameter
|month=ignored (help) - ↑ 6.0 6.1 6.2 Yoshimura, T.; Ito, M.; Sakoda, Y.; Kobori, S.; Okamura, H. (1998). “Rare case of autoimmune hyperchylomicronemia during pregnancy”. Eur J Obstet Gynecol Reprod Biol. 76 (1): 49–51. PMID 9481547. Unknown parameter
|month=ignored (help) - ↑ 7.0 7.1 Weintraub M, Burstein A, Rassin T, Liron M, Ringel Y, Cabili S; et al. (1992). “Severe defect in clearing postprandial chylomicron remnants in dialysis patients”. Kidney Int. 42 (5): 1247–52. PMID 1453610.
- ↑ 8.0 8.1 Ito M, Takamatsu J, Matsuo T, Kameoka K, Kubota S, Fukata S; et al. (2003). “Serum concentrations of remnant-like particles in hypothyroid patients before and after thyroxine replacement”. Clin Endocrinol (Oxf). 58 (5): 621–6. PMID 12699445.
- ↑ 9.0 9.1 Benjó AM, Maranhão RC, Coimbra SR, Andrade AC, Favarato D, Molina MS; et al. (2006). “Accumulation of chylomicron remnants and impaired vascular reactivity occur in subjects with isolated low HDL cholesterol: effects of niacin treatment”. Atherosclerosis. 187 (1): 116–22. doi:10.1016/j.atherosclerosis.2005.08.025. PMID 16458316.
- ↑ 10.0 10.1 Brasaemle DL, Cornely-Moss K, Bensadoun A (1993). “Hepatic lipase treatment of chylomicron remnants increases exposure of apolipoprotein E.” J Lipid Res. 34 (3): 455–65. PMID 8468529.
- ↑ 11.0 11.1 Nishizawa Y, Shoji T, Tabata T, Inoue T, Morii H (1999). “Effects of lipid-lowering drugs on intermediate-density lipoprotein in uremic patients”. Kidney Int Suppl. 71: S134–6. PMID 10412757.
- ↑ 12.0 12.1 12.2 12.3 12.4 12.5 Nishizawa Y, Shoji T, Kawagishi T, Morii H (1997). “Atherosclerosis in uremia: possible roles of hyperparathyroidism and intermediate density lipoprotein accumulation”. Kidney Int Suppl. 62: S90–2. PMID 9350691.
- ↑ 13.0 13.1 Oi K, Hirano T, Sakai S, Kawaguchi Y, Hosoya T (1999). “Role of hepatic lipase in intermediate-density lipoprotein and small, dense low-density lipoprotein formation in hemodialysis patients”. Kidney Int Suppl. 71: S227–8. PMID 10412783.
- ↑ 14.0 14.1 Durrington PN (1993). “Diabetes, hypertension and hyperlipidaemia”. Postgrad Med J. 69 Suppl 1: S18–25, discussion S25-9. PMID 8497453.
- ↑ 15.0 15.1 Shoji T, Emoto M, Kawagishi T, Kimoto E, Yamada A, Tabata T; et al. (2001). “Atherogenic lipoprotein changes in diabetic nephropathy”. Atherosclerosis. 156 (2): 425–33. PMID 11395040.
- ↑ 16.0 16.1 Geberhiwot T, Alger S, McKiernan P, Packard C, Caslake M, Elias E; et al. (2007). “Serum lipid and lipoprotein profile of patients with glycogen storage disease types I, III and IX”. J Inherit Metab Dis. 30 (3): 406. doi:10.1007/s10545-007-0485-2. PMID 17407002.
- ↑ 17.0 17.1 Levy E, Thibault LA, Roy CC, Bendayan M, Lepage G, Letarte J (1988). “Circulating lipids and lipoproteins in glycogen storage disease type I with nocturnal intragastric feeding”. J Lipid Res. 29 (2): 215–26. PMID 3130454.
- ↑ 18.0 18.1 Pejic, RN.; Lee, DT. “Hypertriglyceridemia”. J Am Board Fam Med. 19 (3): 310–6. PMID 16672684.
- ↑ 19.0 19.1 19.2 Kronenberg, F. (2005). “Dyslipidemia and nephrotic syndrome: recent advances”. J Ren Nutr. 15 (2): 195–203. PMID 15827892. Unknown parameter
|month=ignored (help) - ↑ 20.00 20.01 20.02 20.03 20.04 20.05 20.06 20.07 20.08 20.09 20.10 20.11 20.12 20.13 20.14 20.15 20.16 20.17 20.18 20.19 20.20 20.21 20.22 20.23 20.24 20.25 20.26 20.27 Kolovou GD, Anagnostopoulou KK, Kostakou PM, Bilianou H, Mikhailidis DP (2009). “Primary and secondary hypertriglyceridaemia”. Curr Drug Targets. 10 (4): 336–43. PMID 19355858.
- ↑ 21.0 21.1 Fallat RW, Glueck CJ (1976). “Familial and acquired type V hyperlipoproteinemia”. Atherosclerosis. 23 (1): 41–62. PMID 1078394.
Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]; Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Ogheneochuko Ajari, MB.BS, MS [2]